Biodefence Today

Today, the biodefence story is increasingly about the convergence of technologies [19].

: At facilities like the U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), scientists focus on "medical countermeasures"—creating the vaccines, diagnostics, and treatments needed to protect soldiers and civilians from biothreats [23, 35]. Modern Challenges: The "Silent" War biodefence

Historically, biodefence emerged from the shadows of offensive biological weapons programs [31, 35]. Today, the biodefence story is increasingly about the

: While countries like the Soviet Union once ran massive covert programs to weaponize diseases like smallpox and plague, international treaties (like the Biological Weapons Convention) shifted the focus to purely defensive research [22, 35]. biodefence