Non-specific markers like digital clubbing (swelling of fingertips), cyanosis (bluish skin tint), and spider nevi (spider-like veins) may also be present. Diagnostic Criteria Diagnosis is confirmed through the following findings: A Case of Hepatopulmonary Syndrome - PMC
Hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) is a serious pulmonary vascular complication that develops in patients with chronic liver disease or portal hypertension. It is defined by a classic triad: liver dysfunction, intrapulmonary vascular dilatations (IPVDs), and impaired arterial oxygenation. Download Syndrome hepatopulmonaire pdf
A comprehensive update on HPS management and pathogenesis can be downloaded as a PDF from JHEP Reports . cyanosis (bluish skin tint)
A drop in arterial oxygen saturation when moving from a supine to an upright position. intrapulmonary vascular dilatations (IPVDs)