: Manufacturers of smartphones, laptops, gaming consoles, and home appliances.

Individuals and businesses often sell used, broken, or end-of-life circuit boards to recover the value of the precious metals they contain, such as .

: These companies focus exclusively on electronic waste. They often pay by the pound based on the "grade" of the board (e.g., high-grade motherboards vs. low-grade power boards).

: Individuals may buy boards for DIY projects, art, or "upcycling" experiments. Estimated Scrap Values

Prices for scrap boards depend on their metal content. Generally, and PC motherboards command higher prices than power supply or TV boards due to higher gold concentrations. Board Type Estimated Price Range (Approx.) Cell Phone Boards $3.00 – $4.00 per lb / £2.00 – £6.00 per kg Laptop Motherboards $1.00 – $2.00 per lb Telecom/Server Boards $1.50 – $3.00 per lb Low-Grade (Power/TV) $0.10 – $0.50 per lb

: Used in diagnostic equipment like MRI machines, heart monitors, and pacemakers.